prozedure tralalala();
var btn : TSpeedButton;
begin
...
for i:=0 to 10 do
begin
btn := TSpeedButton.Create(self);
btn.Parent := vle_Zauber; {vl_zauber == TValueList}
vle_Zauber.InsertComponent(btn);
end;
...
end;

Nun will ich alle Komponenten die als Parent vle_Zauber besitzen löschen.....

procedure Tfrm_CharZauber.UnloadCreatedButtons;
var i : Integer;
begin
   begin
      for i:=0 to ComponentCount -1 do
       if (Components[i].ClassType = TSpeedButton) and ((Components[i] as TSpeedButton).Parent = vle_Zauber) then
          begin
            vle_zauber.RemoveComponent(Components[i]);
            (Components[i] as TSpeedButton).Free;
          end;

      end;
end;